Naphtha

Naphtha is a general term that has been used for over two thousand years to refer to flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures. Mixtures labelled naphtha have been produced from natural gas condensates, petroleum distillates, and the distillation of coal tar and peat. It is used diversely in different industries and regions to refer to gross products like crude oil or refined products such as kerosene. According to boiling points, Light naphtha is the fraction boiling between 30 °C and 90 °C and consists of molecules with 5–6 carbon atoms. Heavy naphtha boils between 90 °C and 200 °C and consists of molecules with 6–12 carbons. Based on hydrocarbon structure, Light is a mixture consisting mainly of straight-chained and cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons having from five to nine carbon atoms per molecule. Heavy is a mixture consisting mainly of straight-chained and cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons having from seven to nine carbons per molecule.

Light Naphtha

Properties	Unit	Specification	Test Method
Density@ 20 °C	g/ml	0.73 – 0.76	ASTM D 1298
Lead Content	ppb	10 Max	A.A
IBP	°C	60 Min	ASTM D 86
FBP	°C	180 Max	ASTM D 86
Paraffinic & Naphthenic	%Wt	70 Min	G.C
Aromatic	%Wt	30 Max	G.C
Total Sulfur	ppm	1700 Max	ASTM D 4294
Color		Clear – Light Yellow	Visual
RON		75 Min	Infrared

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Heavy Naphtha

Properties	Unit	Specification	Test Method
IBP	°C	165 -179	ASTM D-86
10%	°C	177-186	ASTM D-86
30%	°C	182-194	ASTM D-87
50%	°C	190-205	ASTM D-88
90%	°C	250-280	ASTM D-89
FBP	°C	297-330	ASTM D-90
Total Sulfur	ppm (wt)	1400 Max.	ASTM D-3120
Color	ASTM	2.0 Max.	ASTM D-1500
Flash point	°C	58 Min.	ASTM D-93
Density @ 15 °C	g/ml	0.7800 – 0.8400	ASTM D-4052